![]() Semantic headedness typically serves as the primary criterion for compound endocentricity, i.e. It also singles out the interpretive impoverishment of roots as the factor underlying Embick and Marantz’s (2008) Categorization Assumption and as the source of idiomaticity and interpretive idiosyncrasies within the First Phase. In looking at the above matters, the paper assigns a central role to the reality of categorial features both as distinctive features on categorisers and as LF-interpretable ones. The third question addressed is what makes the syntactically composed nPs and vPs (the ‘First Phase’) be interpreted in a non-compositional fashion. The first issue addressed is what the role of categorial features and in such accounts can be the second is whether categorisers are indeed functional heads, as commonly assumed. This paper addresses three aspects of the nature of categorisers, like n and v, which have become essential in accounts arguing for the syntactic decomposition of lexical categories, such as nouns and verbs, and positing that these are formed syntactically from category-less roots. This can lead to predictive hypotheses about the possible content of lexical items. ![]() We explore the view that basic lexical items are syntactically complex but conceptually simplex, and that the structural meaning defined by a grammatical construction constrains the concept associated with it. What expresses a lexical concept is a structure which can be of variable size. Instead, we distinguish syntactic from morphological roots: the former act as differential indices, and the latter are forms which may or may not correlate with a stable meaning. In particular, we claim that roots, as the purported carriers of lexeme-specific content, cannot encapsulate the conceptual content of a lexical item. We argue that current linguistic approaches that decompose lexical items into grammatical structures do not map naturally to plausible models of the corresponding concepts. ![]() However, studies on lexical concepts in cognitive psychology and philosophy and studies on the constitution of lexical items in linguistics have little contact with each other. Asking what can be a substantive word in natural language is closely related to asking what can be a basic lexical concept.
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